Graphene nanoribbons produced by the oxidative unzipping. Pillaia csircentral electrochemical research institute csircecri, karaikudi630006, india. May 30, 2018 applications of this method can help us understand the propagation of electrons and thermal flow in graphene and similar materials for electromagnetic devices. Size, structure, and helical twist of graphene nanoribbons. Koskinen 1nanoscience center, department of physics, university of jyv. Unfortunately, currently available unzipping methods commonly rely on a random harsh chemical reaction and thereby cause significant degradation of the crystalline structure and electrical properties of gnrs. Atomic structures, raman spectroscopy, and electrical properties. Graphene nanoribbons from unzipped carbon nanotubes arxiv. Although a reliable method to solve the placement issue affecting cnts has been anticipated for more than a century,12 demonstration and widespread adaptation are still outstanding. Unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons nanowerk news in a new study published in epj b electronic transport across a junction between armchair graphene nanotube and zigzag nanoribbon, basant lal sharma from the indian institute of technology kanpur provides a detailed analysis of how the flow of heat and electrons is affected at the interface between an.
The lowdefect density of these gnrs is indicated by their electrical conductivity, comparable to that of. Aberrationcorrected transmission electron microscopy tem revealed a high percentage of twolayer 2 l gnrs and some singlelayer. Feb 01, 20 read graphene formation by unzipping carbon nanotubes using a sequential plasma assisted processing, carbon on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Vertically aligned heteroatom doped carbon nanosheets from unzipped selfdoped carbon tubes for high performance supercapacitor. Large scale high quality graphene nanoribbons from unzipped. Here, we develop a sputteretching method for controllable, selective area unzipping of singlewalled cnts swnts into sub5 nm graphene nanoribbons gnrs, forming intramolecular junctions that combine gnr and swnt in a onedimensional 1d nanostructure.
Graphene nanoribbon composites american chemical society. An easy and scalable approach is reported for the production of multilayer graphene nanoribbons gnrs from thermally treated unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwcnts by controlled oxidation and intercalation. Based on this nature article and the work of dhanraj b. Li4ti5o12graphene nanoribbons composite as anodes for. Through this simple alignment technique, numerous gnrbased devices, including field effect transistors, sensors. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs are materials with properties distinct from those of other carbon allotropes. The production of multilayer graphene nanoribbons from thermally reduced unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Onsurface synthesis of graphene nanoribbons with zigzag edge. Graphene nanoribbon aerogels unzipped from carbon nanotube sponges article in advanced materials 2620 may 2014 with 338 reads how we measure reads. Longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form graphene nanoribbons. Disclosed is a method for making graphene nanoribbons gnrs by controlled unzipping of structures such as carbon nanotubes cnts by etching e. Counterion dependent, longitudinal unzipping of multiwalled. Electric field induced transformation of carbon nanotube to.
On the unzipping of multiwalled carbon nanotubes iopscience. Twisting graphene nanoribbons into carbon nanotubes o. Unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons eurekalert. Here, it is shown by quantum moleculardynamics simulations and classical continuumelasticity modeling, that graphene nanoribbons can, indeed, be transformed into carbon nanotubes by means of twisting. Revisiting the mechanism of oxidative unzipping of multiwall carbon nanotubes to graphene nanoribbons. Graphene nanoribbons were synthesized by oxidative unzipping of singlewall carbon nanotubes swcnts. Helical and dendritic unzipping of carbon nanotubes. This could be due to the larger diameter tubes possesses more end defects as compared to smaller diameter nanotubes and these defects behaves like reactive sites for chemical reaction to unzip nanotubes. These are quasionedimensional planar striplike systems synthesized by various methods, including lithography combined with mechanical extraction, chemical and other bottomup approaches, and unzipping of carbon nano tubes 5. Unzipping carbon nanotubes cnts may offer a valuable route to synthesize graphene nanoribbon gnr structures with semiconducting properties. Facile synthesis of highquality graphene nanoribbons liying jiao, xinran wang, georgi diankov, hailiang wang and hongjie dai graphene nanoribbons have attracted attention because of their novel electronic and spin transport properties16, and also because nanoribbons less than 10. Secondly, we study partially unzipped carbon nano tubes, which can be considered as the junction of a carbon nanotube and a graphene nanoribbon, which has edge features giving rise to novel properties.
Longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form graphene. Ndoped graphene nanoribbons as efficient metalfree. The fabrication of graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes cnts treated with potassium permanganate in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution has been reported by kosynkin et al. Apr 16, 2009 graphene nanoribbons gnrs are materials with properties distinct from those of other carbon allotropes 1,2,3,4,5. Rice university lab combines graphene nanoribbons with tin oxide for improved anodes. Graphene nanoribbons derived from the unzipping of carbon. Electric field induced transformation of carbon nanotube to graphene nanoribbons using nafion as a solid polymer electrolyte m. High temperature structural transformations of few layer. Large scale high quality graphene nanoribbons from unzipped carbon nanotubes. Aligned graphene nanoribbons and crossbars from unzipped carbon nanotubes article pdf available in nano research 36 april 2010 with 61 reads how we measure reads. Here we report ab initio density functional theory calculations of such unzipping process.
We have demonstrated an effective intercalation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwcnts for the green and scalable synthesis of graphene nanoribbons gnrs using an intercalationassisted longitudinal unzipping of mwcnts. Aberrationcorrected transmission electron microscopy tem revealed a high percentage of twolayer 2 l gnrs and some singlelayer ribbons. Jan 04, 2011 here we demonstrate that graphene nanoribbons gnrs free of oxidized surfaces can be prepared in large batches and 100% yield by splitting multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwcnts with potassium vapor. Carbon nanoribbons act as transparent contacts for nano tubes and viceversa, yielding a high conductance. Narrow graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes nature. Bamboo structured nitrogendoped multiwalled carbon nanotubes cnxmwcnts have been successfully unzipped by a chemical oxidation route, resulting in nitrogendoped graphene nanoribbons cnxgnrs with a multifaceted microstructure. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs represent a unique form of carbon materials and have spurred. Here we report for the first time, a simple hydrothermal approach for the bulk production of highly conductive and transparent graphene nanoribbons gnrs using several counter ions from k 2 so 4, kno 3, koh and h 2 so 4 in aqueous media, where, selective intercalation followed by exfoliation gives highly conducting gnrs with over 80% yield. Graphene is a conductor, but gnrs express different electronic.
Transformation of graphene nanoribbon into carbon nanotube published at phys. Graphene ribbons were introduced as a theoretical model by mitsutaka fujita and coauthors to examine. By contrast, these junctions can also act as perfect valley filters, allowing certain types of electrons through the. Graphene nanoribbons from unzipped carbon nanotubes. The structure of an ideal infinitely long singlewalled carbon nanotube is that of a regular hexagonal lattice drawn on an infinite cylindrical surface, whose vertices are the positions of the carbon atoms. Unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons by springer zigzag nanoribbon and armchair nanotube junction along with a schematic illustration of.
If desired, exfoliation is attainable in a subsequent step using chlorosulfonic acid. Facile synthesis of high quality graphene nanoribbons. Nanotube unzipping was achieved by a polymerprotected ar plasma etching method, and the resulting nanoribbon array can be transferred onto any chosen substrate. Aligned graphene nanoribbon gnr arrays have been made by unzipping of aligned singlewalled and fewwalled carbon nanotube cnt arrays. Carbon nanotubes cnts have a welldefined nanostructure to exhibit high. Multiwall carbon nanotubes to graphene nanoribbons, acs nano. The gnrs have smooth edges and a narrow width distribution 220 nm.
From nano to mesoscale via density functional theorybased tightbinding objective molecular modeling hao xu et alelectron doping effects on the electrical conductivity of zigzag carbon nanotubes and corresponding unzipped armchair graphene nanoribbons hamze mousavi et al. Department of chemistry and laboratory for advanced materials, stanford university, stanford, california 94305, usa 2. Graphene is a oneatomiclayer thick twodimensional material made of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure. Gnrs,5,8,9 gnrs from solution,4,5 and unzipped carbon nano tubes cnts7 are randomly oriented. Method for controlling electrical properties of single.
We investigated the atomic structures, raman spectroscopic and electrical transport properties of individual graphene nanoribbons gnrs, widths. For example, a partially unzipped carbon nanotube could act as a device with varying electrical resistance depending on the strength of an external magnetic field applied to it. Several methods of fabricating gnrs have been reported, including lithographic57 and chemical8 processes. Jun, 20 rice university lab combines graphene nanoribbons with tin oxide for improved anodes. Graphene ribbons were introduced as a theoretical model by mitsutaka fujita and coauthors to examine the edge and nanoscale size effect in graphene. Since the length of the carboncarbon bonds is fairly fixed, there are constraints on the diameter of the cylinder and the arrangement of the. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs are materials with properties distinct from those of other carbon allotropes 1,2,3,4,5. Counterion dependent, longitudinal unzipping of multi. Although carbon nanotubes consist of honeycomb carbon, they have never been fabricated from graphene directly. Us8236626b2 narrow graphene nanoribbons from carbon.
Apr 17, 2010 aligned graphene nanoribbon gnr arrays have been made by unzipping of aligned singlewalled and fewwalled carbon nanotube cnt arrays. Counterion dependent, longitudinal unzipping of multiwalled carbon nanotubes to highly conductive and transparent graphene nanoribbons dhanraj b. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs, as manufactured by unzipping the cnts, have. Controlled synthesis and superior lithium storage performance biwei xiao, xifei li, xia li, biqiong wang, craig langford, ruying li, and xueliang sun. A popular method of synthesizing gnrs in large amounts is to unzip carbon nano tubes cnts directly in solution9. Oxidative unzipping of multiwall carbon nanotubes to graphene. Graphene sheets and ribbons produced by lithium intercalation and exfoliation of carbon nanotubes. Size, structure, and helical twist of graphene nanoribbons controlled by. Oct 06, 2011 according to the exemplified process, in a mild gasphase oxidation step, oxygen was reacted with preexisted defects on mwcnts to form etch pits on the sidewalls. Secondly, we study partially unzipped carbon nanotubes, which can be considered as the junction of a carbon nanotube and a graphene nanoribbon, which has. Preparation of graphene nanoribbons gnrs from twisted structure carbon nanotubes using unzipping technique. Oxidative unzipping of multiwall carbon nanotubes to. The one atom thin carbon film is ultralight, extremely flexible and highly conductive.
Longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form. Carbon allotropes have generated much interest among different scientific communities due to their peculiar properties and potential applications in a variety of fields. The allsemiconducting nature of sub10nm gnrs could bypass the problem of the. Large scale high quality graphene nanoribbons from. Oxidative unzipping of multiwall carbon nanotubes to graphene nanoribbons 12 april 2018.
Unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons new study shows elegant mathematical solution to understand how the flow of electrons changes when carbon nanotubes turn. Mechanism of carbon nanotubes unzipping into graphene ribbons. Intercalationassisted longitudinal unzipping of carbon. Apr 16, 2009 graphene nanoribbons gnrs, elongated strips of graphite an atom thick, are tipped for a starring role in future electronic devices.
Highly conductive graphene nanoribbons by longitudinal. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs are very interesting structures which can retain graphenes high carrier mobility while presenting a. Controllable unzipping for intramolecular junctions of. In the solutionphase sonication step, sonochemistry and hot gas bubbles enlarged the pits and unzipped the tubes to form graphene nanoribbons gnr.
Graphene nanoribbons produced by the oxidative unzipping of. Intercalationassisted longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes. Pdf longitudinal unzipping of carbon nanotubes to form. Intact crystalline semiconducting graphene nanoribbons. Here we show an approach to making gnrs by unzipping multi walled carbon nanotubes by plasma etching of nanotubes partly embedded in a polymer film. Its fascinating electrical, optical, and mechanical properties ignited enormous interdisciplinary interest from the physics, chemistry, and materials science fields.
Researchers at rice university have come up with a new way to boost the efficiency of the ubiquitous lithium ion li battery by employing. Mar 19, 2012 transformation of graphene nanoribbon into carbon nanotube published at phys. Electric field induced transformation of carbon nanotube. In contrast, the lto particlesof a size range from 100800 nm are presented fig. Atomic structures, raman spectroscopy, and electrical properties liming xie, hailiang wang, chuanhong jin, xinran wang, liying jiao, kazu suenaga, and hongjie dai, department of chemistry, stanford university, california 94305, united states. Carbon nanotubes and more recently graphene have shown very interesting electrical pro. Graphene formation by unzipping carbon nanotubes using a. Facile synthesis of highquality graphene nanoribbons liying jiao, xinran wang, georgi diankov, hailiang wang and hongjie dai graphene nanoribbons have attracted attention because of their novel electronic and spin transport properties16, and also because nanoribbons less than 10 nm wide have a.
Multilayer and few layer graphene nanoribbons produced by oxidative unzipping of carbon multiwalled carbon nanotubes mwnt 10 n 5 and n. Facile synthesis of highquality graphene nanoribbons. Jun 05, 2018 unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs, elongated strips of graphite an atom thick, are tipped for a starring role in future electronic devices. Mechanism of carbon nanotubes unzipping into graphene. Pdf preparation of graphene nanoribbons gnrs from twisted. Preparation of graphene nanoribbons gnrs as an electronic. The allsemiconducting nature of sub10nm gnrs could bypass the problem of the extreme chirality dependence of the metal or semiconductor nature of carbon nanotubes cnts in future electronics. Twisting graphene nanoribbons into carbon nanotubes. Graphene nanoribbon aerogels unzipped from carbon nanotube.
The high energy electrons used in the tem imaging can evaporate carbon atoms. Electronbeam ebeam layerbylayer evaporation of gnrs. The production of multilayer graphene nanoribbons from. Jun 05, 2018 unzipping graphene nanotubes into nanoribbons by springer zigzag nanoribbon and armchair nanotube junction along with a schematic illustration of. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs from chemical unzipping of carbon nanotubes cnts have been reported to be a suitable. The nanoribbons produced from swcnts were characterized using ftir, raman and xray photoelectron spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements reveal the. Twisting graphene nanoribbons into carbon nanotubes youtube.
Narrow graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes hongjie dai. Among those methods, cnt longitudinal unzipping using a mixture of strong acids such as. Transmission electron microscopy imaging of the graphene nanoribbons. We find that the unzipping starts with the potassium permanganate. We demonstrate that graphene nanoribbons gnrs, produced by the chemical unzipping of carbon nanotubes, can be conveniently used from solution to handpaint unidirectional arrays of gnrs atop silicon oxide. Graphene nanoribbons derived from the unzipping of carbon nanotubes.
Read graphene formation by unzipping carbon nanotubes using a sequential plasma assisted processing, carbon on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Shinde, 1, 2 mainak majumder, a, 2 and vijayamohanan k. Graphene nanoribbons gnrs, also called nano graphene ribbons or nano graphite ribbons are strips of graphene with width less than 50 nm. Mar 24, 2016 the one atom thin carbon film is ultralight, extremely flexible and highly conductive. Researchers at rice university have come up with a new way to boost the efficiency of the ubiquitous lithium ion li battery by employing ribbons of graphene that start as carbon nanotubes. Atomic force microscope afm imaging and raman mapping on the same cnts before and after. Department of chemistry, duke university, durham, north carolina 27708, usa. Aligned graphene nanoribbons and crossbars from unzipped.
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